1. What is Ionizing Radiation?
Ionizing Radiation
: has sufficient energy to remove an electron from an atom
Ex. α-particle, β-particle,
X-ray, γ-ray
Free Radical :
molecule containing unpaired electrons
2. Effects of Ionizing Radiation
Radiation causes ionization of atoms which are forming cells.
→ Tissues
→ Organs
→ The whole body
Cellular Damag
Voice and data access from remote places
Guarantee coverage in non-remote locations
Roaming between existing cellular systems and satellites systems
Key technological challenges of the wide commercial success
Accuracy, Ubiquity of service, Delivery of information instantaneously
LBS (location-based services)
Wireless mobile content services that provide location-specific infor
1. Value proposition
Intended to style-conscious cell phone consumers who would like to browse the Internet and enjoy entertainment to-go, the iPhone is a smart phone that combines a web browser, email, iPod and personal computer into a single, fashionable, easy-to-use device.
The following strategy canvas illustrates how the iPhone differentiate itself from the BlackBerry Pearl (a smart phon
1.1.2. Cyclooxygenase-prostanoid cascade
Figure 1.1. Metabolism of arachidonic acid
Despite the diverse chemical structure of aspirin-like drugs, the antinociceptive effect of NSAIDs is mainly due totheir common property of inhibiting cyclooxygenases involved in the formation of prostanoids. Prostanoids areformed by most cells and act as autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators. They are n
protecting the membrane
from certain kinds of chemical attack. LPS also increases
the negative charge of the cell membrane and helps
stabilize the overall membrane structure. It is of crucial
importance to gram-negative bacteria, whose death results
if it is mutated or removed. LPS is an endotoxin, and induces
a strong response from normal animal immune systems.
Fig. 10.
Hypoth